Bhathiya Barukanda
By : A.D. Udari Kalpani Rupasingha
Aquaculture is the controlled farming of aquatic animals and plants such as finfish, crustaceans, mollusks, aquatic plants and seaweed. Mariculture, on the other hand, is a type of aquaculture that focuses on raising marine life in inshore and offshore waters, which are their native habitats. It may comprise species like crabs and oysters, seaweed and shrimp. People involve protecting them, feeding them, and helping them grow faster.
Aquaculture and mariculture play a major role in ensuring food security, contributing to exports, reducing pressure on wild fish stocks and creating jobs across the value chain. Sri Lanka boasts abundant coastal waters and inland water resources. The country’s natural environment and climate are well-suited for farming a variety of aquatic species. Understanding both the opportunities is key to unlocking a sustainable future for aquaculture in Sri Lanka.
Mariculture and inland aquaculture are two important sectors that can contribute significantly to supplying the growing need for food. The production has increased compared to the previous years according to NAQDA Annual Report- 2020. It is also an indication of the potential for further growth and development of the aquaculture industry in the country.
There are challenges and opportunities in Sri Lanka’s Aquaculture and mariculture Sectors. To manage marine and ocean resources, especially fish stocks has its laws, rules, and policies. Also, the fisheries industry faces several significant challenges, including declining fish stocks, shifting species mix of captures and declining marine biodiversity. As the population increases, the need for food increases, so the marine resources have been overused.
Along with identifying potential solutions for sustainable development, we may also take into account the socioeconomic and environmental effects of aquaculture in Sri Lanka. Solving technical issues, controlling diseases, solving transportation issues, high investment, best management practices, and adequate regulatory frameworks will enable this to be carried out sustainable way.
